ANALYSIS RISK FACTOR OF MOLAR INCISOR HYPOMINERALIZATION OF STUDENT ELEMENTARY SCHOOL IN BANDUNG Yenni Hendriani Praptiwi1, Tri Widyastuti1

Abstract

Background:Molar incisor HypomineralIzation is a defect in tooth enamel due to disruption of the mineralization process during enamel maturation in the pre natal, perinatal and post natal phase of life. The lack of mineral in enamel and dentin of the teeth is qualitatively characterized by white and yellow to brown spot particularly on first molar and central incisor. MIH increased of caries occurence in children because of enamel surface of MIH tooth is soft, porous and had irregularities prismatic enamel thar facilitate dental plaque formation. Teeth become very sensitif. The treatment become more difficult and expensive.

                          Methods.  This is an analytic survey research with case control design, The aim of this research is to determine the risk factor of Molar Incisor Hypomineralization in the student of SD Harapan 1 and 2 Kota Bandung, by comparing the case group of respondents who experience Molar Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH) as many as 30 people with the control group of respondents who did not have MIH 30 person.

                          Results.    The prevalence of MIH in the students of SD Harapan 1 and 2 Kota Bandung is 21%. The result of bivariate statistic test using chi square on environmental factor ( antibiotic usage) showed a significant correlation between antibiotic and MIH. Risk factors of medical history in the postnatal periode also showed significant correlation with the occurence of Molar Incisor Hypomineralization ((p value = 0,000 (p < 0,05)). While the risk factor of maternal health problem to MIH was obtained by p value = 0,096 (p>0,05), so it was concluded that there was no correlation between maternal condition during pregnancy and MIH. Multivariate analysis to see the level of influence of risk factor to MIH partially used coefficient of determination from Nagelkerke’s R square.

                          Conclusion.The result showed that risk factor of antibiotic usage and health disorder of child during post natal period and maternal health disorder during the pre natal period was synergized 43,6% to Molar Incisor Hypomineralization risk. Further research is needed with other risk factors related to the incidence of MIH with more respondents.